Environmental assessment of container energy storage system

What is environmental assessment of energy storage systems?

Environmental assessment of energy storage systems - Energy & Environmental Science (RSC Publishing) Power-to-What? – Environmental assessment of energy storage systems † A large variety of energy storage systems are currently investigated for using surplus power from intermittent renewable energy sources.

How can energy storage systems reduce environmental impacts?

As potential products, we consider the reconversion to power but also mobility, heat, fuels and chemical feedstock. Using life cycle assessment, we determine the environmental impacts avoided by using 1 MW h of surplus electricity in the energy storage systems instead of producing the same product in a conventional process.

What is a comprehensive review of energy storage systems?

A comprehensive review on energy storage systems: types, comparison, current scenario, applications, barriers, and potential solutions, policies, and future prospects. Energies, 13, 3651. International Electrotechnical Commission. (2020). IEC 62933-5-2:2020. Geneva: IEC. International renewable energy agency. (2050).

How can a container-handling system reduce emissions?

Emission reduction was estimated based on the energy consumption of RTGs, automatic stacking cranes (ASCs) and yard trucks 30. Using a renewable power source for container-handling equipment achieved significant emission reductions 31. Approximately 55% of the total emissions in a port are from ships.

What are battery energy storage systems?

Battery Energy Storage Systems are electrochemical type storage systems defined by discharging stored chemical energy in active materials through oxidation–reduction to produce electrical energy. Typically, battery storage technologies are constructed via a cathode, anode, and electrolyte.

How is energy consumption calculated in a container terminal?

Energy consumption was calculated based on utility data as well as fuel and electricity consumptions for each container-handling equipment in the container terminal. CO 2 emissions were estimated using movement modality based on the number of movements of and distance travelled by each container-handling equipment.