About Wind turbine generator alignment standards
IEC 61400 is a set of design requirements made to ensure that wind turbines are appropriately engineered against damage from hazards within the planned lifetime. The standard concerns most aspects of the turbine life from site conditions before construction, to turbine components being tested,assembled and operated. Wind turbines are capital intensive, and are usually purchased before they are being erected and
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6 FAQs about [Wind turbine generator alignment standards]
Do wind turbines need to be aligned?
Precision alignment is recommended by most wind turbine manufacturers for optimal operation and reliability. Generator efficiency can also be affected by misalignment (angular and offset). The following questions—and answers—will help you to enhance the productivity and longevity of your turbine. What needs to be aligned in a wind turbine?
How to detect a change in the alignment of Tur-Bines?
Current methods to detect a change in the alignment of tur-bines are based on wind direction in situ comparison in case of redundancy of the device on the nacelle or by compar-ing wind direction measurements nearby (e.g., other turbines, met masts or lidars). The absolute wind directions of one or more wind vanes in the neighborhood are compared.
Why should a wind turbine shaft be aligned?
Properly aligned shafts are able to spin freely and not induce other unwanted forces to the system. These unwanted forces will damage and/or destroy bearings, seals, and couplings, and eventually the gearbox or generator. Precision alignment is recommended by most wind turbine manufacturers for optimal operation and reliability.
Do upwind horizontal axis wind turbines need to be aligned?
Upwind horizontal axis wind turbines need to be aligned with the main wind direction to maximize energy yield. Attempts have been made to improve the yaw alignment with advanced measurement equipment but most of these techniques introduce additional costs and rely on alignment tolerances with the rotor axis or the true north.
How long does it take to align a wind turbine?
The first turbine was aligned early in the morning in moderate wind speeds of approx. 2-5 m/s, the alignment went smoothly and we completed the alignment in about 45 minutes with excellent alignment results. The second turbine proved to be challenging. After lunch, the wind had picked up a little but was still acceptable.
How do you determine the best turbine alignment?
The determination of the best turbine alignment, as described in the previous section, works only with a wind speed mea-surement which is not influenced by the yaw error itself. Figure 6. Example of the determination of the best operational alignment.
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